Rapid decline of renal function in a short period...
Hematuria is red blood cells in the urine which might be gross hematuria and microscopic hematuria. Gross hematuria means the hematuria (red urine) can be seen by naked eyes clearly. ..
Hydronephrosis means abnormal dilatation of the collecting system of the kidney (renal pelvis). It can be classified according to its severity...
In pre-dialysis patients, low dietary protein intake can reduce the production of nitrogen-containing waste products. In addition, it prevents the deterioration of renal function...
Dialysis patients who receive hemodialysis (HD) for 3 times per week and 4 hours each time can remove nitrogen wastes from blood efficiently...